Independent photovoltaic power generation system

The independent photovoltaic power generation system consists of solar photovoltaic arrays, battery packs, charging controllers, power electronic converters (inverters), loads, etc. Its working principle is that solar radiation energy is first converted into electrical energy through a photovoltaic array, and then converted by a power electronic converter to supply power to the load. At the same time, excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage device in the form of chemical energy after passing through the charging controller. In this way, when there is insufficient sunlight, the energy stored in the battery can be converted into AC 220V, 50 Hz electrical energy for AC loads after being boosted by power electronic inverters, filters, and power frequency transformers. The characteristic of solar power generation is that it generates electricity during the day, while the load often consumes electricity 24/7. Therefore, energy storage components are essential in independent photovoltaic power generation systems, and the energy storage components used in engineering are mainly batteries.

grid-connected PV system 

The grid connected photovoltaic power generation system consists of photovoltaic arrays, high-frequency DC/DC boost circuits, power electronic converters (inverters), and system monitoring components. Its working principle is that the solar radiation energy is converted by a photovoltaic array, and then converted into high-voltage direct current through high-frequency direct current conversion. After being inverted by a power electronic inverter, it outputs a sinusoidal alternating current to the power grid that is consistent with the frequency of the grid voltage.